Period 4: c. 1914 to the present
For this period, images and primary source documents are organized by each of the six Key Concepts of the Outline, illustrating:
Key Concepts reproduced in this guide are from: The College Board. "AP® European History Course and Exam Description, Including Curriculum Framework, 2017." https://apcentral.collegeboard.org/pdf/ap-european-history-course-and-exam-description.pdf?course=ap-european-history
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Key Concept 4.1 — Total war and political instability in the first half of the 20th century gave way to a polarized state order during the Cold War and eventually to efforts at transnational union.
The Impact of the Versailles Settlement on Europe
Nationalist & Separatist Movements in Modern Europe
The Cold War in & Beyond Europe
Key Concept 4.2 — The stresses of economic collapse and total war engendered internal conflicts within European states and created conflicting conceptions of the relationship between the individual and the state, as demonstrated in the ideological battle between and among democracy, communism, and fascism.
Changing Roles of Women in Modern Europe
Great Depression & Radicalism in Europe after 1914
Postwar Economics & the Welfare State in Europe
Key Concept 4.3 — During the 20th century, diverse intellectual and cultural movements questioned the existence of objective knowledge, the ability of reason to arrive at truth, and the role of religion in determining moral standards.
Arts of the 20th Century in Europe
Challenges of Science & Technology in Modern Europe
Organized Religion in the Post-Modern Age
Key Concept 4.4 — Demographic changes, economic growth, total war, disruptions of traditional social patterns, and competing definitions of freedom and justice altered the experiences of everyday life.
Ravages of War, Increased Living Standards in Modern Europe
Changing Roles of Women in Modern Europe